A 3D mammogram (breast tomosynthesis) is an imaging test that combines multiple breast X-rays to create a three-dimensional picture of the breast.

When something is abnormal or difficult to determine, a woman may be referred for a diagnostic mammogram.

A 3D mammogram (breast tomosynthesis) is an imaging test that combines multiple breast X-rays to create a three-dimensional picture of the breast.

An MR arthrogram is an MRI performed after a joint is injected with a solution containing gadolinium. Sometimes abbreviated to MRA, which can be confused with MR angiography.

The development of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging has allowed it to become the standard of reference in the work-up of bone and soft tissue abnormalities of the hip. However, some pathological conditions—such as lesions of the labrum, cartilaginous lesions, femoroacetabular impingement, intra-articular foreign bodies or in the pre-operative work-up of developmental dysplasia of the hip—require intra-articular injection of a contrast medium, i.e. to perform MR arthrography, in order to obtain a precise diagnosis. This article’s objectives are to refresh the technical aspects, contraindications, normal appearance and potential pitfalls of MR arthrography; and in addition, to illustrate the radiological findings of commonly encountered conditions.

MR arthrography of the shoulder has proven to be the gold standard imaging technique for evaluation of shoulder joint pathology and can be particularly useful for evaluation of labroligamentous abnormalities.4 The advantages of MR arthrography are particularly evident when evaluating acute pathology in younger, active patients with relatively little degenerative joint disease.

MR imaging has been used in the evaluation of a wide spectrum of joint disorders. Its multiplanar capabilities and refined tissue contrast allow detailed assessment of osseous and soft tissue pathology. MR imaging of the wrist frequently represents a diagnostic challenge for radiologists because of the complex anatomy of the wrist joint, the small size of its components, and little known pathologic conditions.

Magnetic resonance (MR) of the breast is generally used as a complimentary exam for breast screening used to detect women at high risk of breast cancer or to assess a breast cancer condition if already diagnosed.

MR angiography (MRA) uses a powerful magnetic field, radio waves and a computer to evaluate blood vessels and help identify abnormalities.

Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) has been used to image abdominal vessels less frequently than renal arteries. Until the use of fast contrast-enhanced (CE) techniques, an important limitation was the acquisition time of phase-contrast or time-of-flight imaging and, consequently, the creation of motion artifacts. Recent advances in MRA technology have shortened acquisition times, so it is now possible to obtain successive images in the arterial and then the portal phase. MRA can be used as an adjunct to any MR examination to assess, e.g., the arterial feeding of hepatocellular carcinoma, the encasement of arteries, and segmental portal thrombosis in pancreatic carcinoma.

Your doctor has recommended you for either magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) of your chest and heart. These procedures use a magnetic field, radio waves and a computer to create detailed images of the chest area. The angiography procedure is specifically designed to examine the heart and the blood vessels entering your lungs. 

An MRA of the head is done to look at the blood vessels leading to the brain to check for a bulge (aneurysm), a clot, or a narrowing (stenosis) because of plaque.

An MRA of the head is done to look at the blood vessels leading to the brain to check for a bulge (aneurysm), a clot, or a narrowing (stenosis) because of plaque.